企鹅珍珠贝附壳珍珠养殖研究

A STUDY ON THE CULTIVATION OF BLISTER PEARL FROM PEARL SHELL Pteria penguin (Roding)

在水温为２１．４℃—３１．２℃，盐度为２７．２‰—３６．３‰的环境条件下，进行了企鹅珍珠贝培育附壳珍珠的研究。经２８７天的育珠，成活率８７．５％。在收获的１５个母贝中，植入直径为７～１０ｍｍ的珠核４７粒，佛像模型２个；收获附壳珍珠４０颗，佛像２个，留核率达８５．７％。其中商品珠３５颗，商品珠率为８３．３％。在商品珠中，珠色为银白色的１６颗，占４５．７％；金黄色的１６颗（包括１佛像），占４５．７％；污斑珠３颗，占８．６％。珍珠直径超过１１ｍｍ的有５颗，１０．０～１０．９ｍｍ的有１９颗，９．０～９．９ｍｍ的有９颗，８．０～８．９ｍｍ的仅１颗。抽测珍珠５颗，珠层厚度最大者８６２．５μｍ，最薄者５６２．５μｍ。

A study on the cultivation of blister pearl from Pteria penguin(Roding) was carried out from December 4, 1993 to September 19, 1994 in Lian Buy, Ling Shut, Hainan. Tie water temperature was rang6d from 21.4℃ to 31.2℃ and the water salinity was ranged from 27.2‰ to 36.3‰. After 287 days' rearing, the survival rate is 87.5%. Fifteen experimental pearl shells were dissected and examined. the result is as follows. 40 pearls are got out of 47 nuclei which are 7 to 10mm in diameter and were implaflted inside the pearl shells. The proportion of blister Pearls to nuclei is 85.7%. Two buddha mo dels treated as nuclei were used and the result is goed. 35 market-sized pearls are got and the rate is 83.3%, among which 16 pearls are silver in colour and the rate is 45.7%,16 pearls are golden in colour and the rate is also 45.7% (including one buddha model pearl) and 3 pearls are with Stains and the rate is 8.6%. As to the diameter of the pearls, 5 pearls' exceeded 11mm, 19 pearls'ranged from 10.0 to 10.9mm, 9 pearls ranged from 9.0 to 9.9mm and only one pearl' ranged from ac to 8.9mm. Among five examined pearls, the thickest pearl layer is 862.5μm and the thinnest is 562.5μm.