自尊对失败后抑郁、焦虑反应的缓冲效应

THE BUFFERING EFFECT OF SELF-ESTEEM ON THE DEPRESSIVE AND ANXIOUS REACTIONS TO INDUCED FAILURE

以 117名大二学生为被试,采用问卷调查与实验相结合的方法,考察了自尊对失败后的抑郁状态、焦虑状态两种不良情绪反应的缓冲效应。结果发现: (1)无论何种情况下,高自尊组的被试其抑郁和焦虑反应都明显少于低自尊组; (2)失败程序成功诱导了被试的抑郁和焦虑反应; ( 3 )失败后,自尊并没有立即或直接缓冲被试的抑郁和焦虑反应; (4)策略处理后,自尊显著缓冲了两种不良情绪反应,且在不同条件下有不同的效果;但自尊水平与策略处理间的总体交互作用不显著。

This study combined questionnaires with an experiment to investigate the buffering effect of self-esteem on the depressive and anxious reactions to induced failure using 117 undergraduates in Grade Two as subjects. The results showed: (1) Whenever the negative emotional reactions were measured, the depressive or anxious reaction of the group with high self-esteem was obviously less than that of the group with low self-esteem; (2) The failure-procedure successfully induced the negative emotional reactions to failure; (3) After failure, self-esteem didn′t buffer the negative reactions to it immediately; (4) After strategy-operation, self-esteem buffered the negative emotional reactions significantly and this buffering effect was different under different condition; but there was no overall significant interaction between self-esteem and strategy-operation in this effect.