分布应用集成核心技术研究综述

Survey on the Core Techniques of Distributed Application Integration

分布应用集成技术已成为构建大型信息系统,特别是SOA的关键技术.该文在分析分布应用集成的基本特征和集成层次的基础上,阐述了其关键问题,包括数据多样性、传输载体和应用访问、协同管理、可重配和自适应、建模和形式化,进一步论述了分布应用集成与Grid,SOA及B2B等技术的联系与区别.从不同的角度对这些问题作了全面的概述,既分析了存在的问题,又论述了已有技术在处理这雪问题上的优势和不足并探讨了相关的新兴技术,展望了未来发展方向.

Distributed Application Integration (DAD techniques are becoming the key enabling techniques to construct large information systems. But the researches about DAI mainly exist in industry, not in academy. The fact results in the shortage of consistency and integrality in using and expressing DAI's related techniques. In order to enhance the consistency and integrality in DAI, the authors summarized those basic characteristics of DAI and furthermore divide the integration levels of DAI to help categorizing the related techniques. On the base of the analyzed characteristics and levels, the key problems of DAI are presented, including Data Diversity, Transferring Carrier, Application Access, Collaboration Management, Reconfiguration and Adaptation, Modeling and Formalization, and so on. Furthermore, the existing and new emerging techniques to resolve those problems are presented and compared to point out the advantage and disadvantage of each other. Those techniques mainly come from four domains, namely software architecture, distribution computation, component techniques and middleware. Simultaneously, the relationships between DAI and Grid, Web Service, B2B are discussed. Although the premises and techniques between them are different, the trend of the complementing and fusing is obvious. How to efficiently utilizing and referencing each other's techniques are analyzed and presented. At last, the future developments of DAI are discussed.