多项选择题中的干扰项及其编写方法

Distractors in the Multiple-choice Test Designing

干扰项是多项选择题的重要组成部分,优质合理地编写干扰项是多项选择题能长期存在的关键因素。因此,编写干扰项时应从其结构及内容两个方面着手。在结构上,注意干扰项的长度、句子结构、句子的复杂程度、所使用的词类与正确答案相当或相似。在内容上,不提供任何语法和常识性的暗示,利用近义词、英语成语、习语以及语言和文化上的差异。

As an important part of a multiple-choice test item, the distractor is important for test designing. When designing a distractor, the test writer should take both its structure and meaning into consideration. With regard to its structure, the designer should see that its length, the structure of the sentence containing it as well as the complexity of the sentence containing it, should be consistent with those of the other choices in the same multi-choice test item. In respect of meaning, a distractor should not offer any hint in terms of grammar or common sense. Instead, idioms, English usage, and language and cultural differences may be considered in distrator designing.