酶制剂和微生态制剂对蛋雏鸡生长性能的影响

Effects of enzymes and probiotics on performance of young layers

450只1日龄罗曼褐蛋雏鸡,随机分为5个处理,每处理3重复,每重复30只。分别饲喂5种日粮。5种日粮设计如下:日粮1为低磷、低氨基酸日粮+植酸酶+抗生素;日粮2为正常营养水平日粮+复合酶a+抗生素;日粮3为正常营养水平日粮+复合酶b+抗生素;日粮4为正常营养水平日粮+微生态制剂;日粮5为低蛋白质日粮+微生态制剂。复合酶a为淀粉酶、蛋白酶、果胶酶和纤维素酶多酶复合物,复合酶b为纤维素酶为主的复合酶。试验期5周。试验鸡离地网养,颗粒饲料投喂,测定全期日增重、采食量和饲料转化率。结果表明:与日粮1(植酸酶)组相比,日粮2(添加复合酶a)提高雏鸡体重和日增重(P<0.05),日粮2和日粮5(添加低蛋白质微生态制剂)降低耗料/增重(P<0.05),日粮4和日粮5(微生态制剂)较日粮3(复合酶b)增加采食量(P=0.10)。因此认为:1)植酸酶不宜在蛋雏鸡(0～5周龄)颗粒日粮中应用;2)复合酶a较复合酶b更适宜在雏鸡日粮中添加;3)蛋雏鸡生产中,微生态制剂可代替复合酶+抗生素;4)蛋雏鸡采食低蛋白质氨基酸平衡日粮对生长性能无显著影响。

Lomman chickens of one day old were randomly distributed to five treatments with three replicates and thirty per replicate. The five diets were as following:diet 1 is low phosphorus and amino acid diet+micro-phytase+antibiotic(AB);diet 2 is basal diet(BD)+compound enzyme(CE)a+AB;diet 3 is BD+CEb +AB;diet 4 is BD+probiotic(PB);diet 5 is basal diet with low protein+PB. The primary component was cellulase in CEb, and CEa including amylase, protease , pectinase, cellulase and so on. The chickens were fed pellet diets and raised in nets over the ground. Average daily gain(ADG), feed intake(FI) and feed efficiency(FE) were calculated at the end of the experiment. The results of this experiment showed that diet 2 enhanced chickens'live weight (LW) and ADG(P < 0.05), and the FE of diet 2 and diet 5 were higher(P < 0.05) than that of diet 1. Compared with diet 3 treatment,diet 4 and diet 5 raised FI(P = 0.10).Therefore,The conclusions were:1)It was unfitable that phytase was used in pelleted diet,because of the high temperature in feed processing.2)The compound enzymes-a improved chickens'growth than the compound enzymes-b.3)Probiotic could replace the antibiotic in diets of 0 ～ 5-week-old chickens.4)It was no significant difference in growth performance between low protein diets and the control.