同步辐射与高压矿物学研究

Synchrotron radiation and high-pressure mineralogy

同步辐射(synchrotron radiation)装置是能产生极高亮度电磁波的一类大科学装置。利用同步辐射和金刚石压腔(DAC)技术,可以研究矿物在高压下的结构和物理性质及其变化。文章简要介绍了同步辐射光源及其特点,对DAC和高压实验技术的相关问题进行了说明,并基于北京同步辐射装置(BSRF)高压站的能量色散X射线衍射(EDXD)实验状况,对获得的部分高压矿物学研究成果,如钙钛矿CaTiO3、硬玉、钛闪石、电气石、绿帘石等矿物的高压结构和状态方程进行了回顾。

Synchrotron radiation is an important scientific devices, from which the electromagnetic waves can be created. By using synchrotron radiation and diamond anvil cell (DAC), the crystal structures and physical properties of natural minerals under high-pressure can be investigated. This article briefly introduces the characteristics of the light source from synchrotron radiation, and explains the high-pressure experiments in terms of DAC and related techniques. Based on the high-pressure station at the Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility (BSRF), the method of energy dispersive X-ray diffraction (EDXD) and in situ high-pressure structures and p-V equations of state for some natural minerals, such as CaTiO_3 perovskite, jadeite, kaersutite, tourmaline and epidote, are reviewed.