天然矿物材料的多孔结构、结构组装和光催化性能

Installing engineering in micro-structure and photo-catalytic properties of porous mineral.

自然界存在丰富的多孔矿物资源,其孔隙结构使其具有良好的吸附性能,能够吸附聚集水体中的污染物(特别是有机污染物)。在分析天然多孔矿物的孔结构基础上,文中提出了结构组装的概念,即在多孔矿物中进行功能粒子组装,对多孔矿物进行表面修饰、微结构组装(如层状结构矿物的插层)。通过结构组装,在多孔矿物中引进功能粒子(如有光催化性能的TiO2 颗粒)。组装在天然矿物中的功能粒子能够降解聚集在其中的污染物,大幅度提高功能粒子的效果,提高光催化降解的功效,获得性能优异、成本低廉的天然矿物型有机污染物降解材料。此外,在同一矿物材料中复合小孔、中孔、大孔不同大小的孔结构,实现不同大小的孔径组装,也能够扩大光催化剂TiO2 的承载面积,提高吸附性能。经过结构组装的天然多孔矿物材料复合了吸附、光催化等性能,在环境治理特别是有机物污染降解方面有很好的应用价值。

Owing to their porous structures, natural porous mineral materials rich in nature have good adsorptive properties and have been widely used as adsorbents in many industries. Organic pollutants in water bodies can be easily adsorbed and collected by the porous mineral materials. Based on the study of pore structure of natural minerals, we propose a concept of installing engineering which means to install functional particles(e.g.TiO_2)into the porous minerals. Functional particles can modify the surface of the porous minerals, intercalate into layered porous mineral, and be doped by various ions, thereby, the photocatalytic degradation rate will increase in a large scale. Besides, micropore, mesopore and macropore can also be mixed together in mineral materials,which will expand the bearing area of the TiO_2 photo catalyst and cause both the abilities of adsorption and degradation of organic pollutants to be increased. Natural mineral materials installed by functional particles can be widely utilized to decompose organic contaminants in water because of high adsorption,photocatalytic properties and low cost.