恶性脑肿瘤化疗新动态:分子靶向治疗

Current Tendency of Chemotherapy for Malignant Brain Tumor:Targeted Molecular Therapy

恶性脑肿瘤特别是胶质瘤,采用传统方法还是难以治愈。由于传统细胞毒化疗药物缺乏特异性, 它们在抗肿瘤的同时,对正常组织和器官也有毒性作用。肿瘤的恶性进展涉及到癌基因的扩增和过表达,抑癌基因的缺失及一些重要的信号传导通路的异常。针对肿瘤细胞内传导通路(包括肿瘤生长、侵袭和转移等)上的特异(或相对特异)分子的靶向治疗是近年的研究热点,这种分子靶向治疗特异地攻击肿瘤细胞而对正常细胞无损害,有望是传统细胞毒化疗以外的肿瘤化学治疗的突破口。本文简要回顾近年在脑肿瘤分子靶向治疗方面的进展。

Brain tumors are a diverse group of malignancies that remain refractory to conventional treatment approaches. Because of the lack of specificity, conventional chemotherapeutic agents may result in toxicity to normal cells/tissues while they against tumor cells. Tumor progress has been related to amplify or over expression of oncogenes and mutations and/or deletions of tumor suppressor genes. An area under intense investigation is the use of small molecules targeting intracellular signaling pathways that interfere with growth, invasion, and metastasis of malignant tumors. Such strategies targeting specific molecules may result in killing tumor cells effectively while keeping normal cells intact,and could be more potential than the conventional cytotoxic agents. This article reviews current advances on targeted molecular therapies against malignant brain tumors.