湖田窑出土黑釉瓷的产地研究

RESEARCH ON THE PROVENANCE OF BLACK GLAZED PORCELAIN EXCAVATED FROM HUTIAN KILN SITE

景德镇湖田窑窑址的南宋、元地层出土了类吉州窑、类建窑以及自具特色的黑釉瓷片。本文通过研究它们胎釉的化学组成,并与吉州窑和建窑黑釉瓷的胎釉化学组成进行对应分析,认为湖田窑宋、元时期也生产自己的黑釉瓷。其南宋、元堆积层出土的黑釉瓷中有吉州窑和建窑的产品,为当时各窑烧制工艺相互交流的佐证。湖田窑生产的部分黑釉瓷模仿了吉州窑的选料标准,应该是学习吸收吉州窑烧造黑釉瓷工艺的结果,这类黑釉瓷可能是南宋时期生产的。而另一部分黑釉瓷使用了质量较差的瓷土作为制胎原料,可能是元代时生产的。

Some black glazed porcelain sherds which like Jizhou ware, Jian ware and have their own features were also excavated from Southern Song and Yuan strata of Hutian kiln. In this paper, the chemical compositions of their bodies and glazes are studied. The corresponding analysis between them and Jizhou wares and Jian wares has also been made. It is concluded that Hutian kiln also fired black glazed porcelain in Song and Yuan dynasties. The black glazed porcelains excavated from Southern Song and Yuan strata partly came from Jizhou kiln and Jian kiln, which proves the technical exchange between these kilns at that time. Some of the blacked glazed fired in Hutian kiln used the similar standard in selecting raw materials for body and glaze as Jizhou kiln. It should result from the absorption from Jizhou kiln in making and firing technology. These black glazed porcelains are probably manufactured in Southern Song period. While the other black glazed porcelains used the lower quality porcelain clay as their raw materials for body. They are probably fired in Yuan period.