大杯蕈中蛋白质的营养评价

As evaluation of the nutritive value of a high proteinous mushroom Clitocybe maxima

大杯蕈（Ｃｌｉｔｏｙｂｅｍａｘｉｍａ）是一种高蛋白的野生食用真菌。分析表明，其蛋白质含量高达１８．５％，高于一般的木腐菌。试验已测出大杯蕈蛋白质含１６种以上的氨基酸，除色氨酸未测外，包含所有的必需氨基酸，且必需氨基酸总量高达４３％。其第一限制氨基酸为赖氦酸，而一般食用菌多为含硫氨基酸。大杯蕈蛋白质组成中，含硫氨基酸之一蛋氨酸含量高达３Ｏ％，与鸡蛋接近。大杯蕈蛋白质的化学评分（ＣＳ），氨基酸评分（ＡＡＳ），必需氨基酸指数（ＥＡＡＩ），生物价（ＢＶ）分别为６９．１，６７．３，８７．７和８３．９，均居５种参比菌类的第２位，氨基酸比值系数分（ＳＲＣ）及营养指数（ＮＩ）分别为７０．５和１５．５，均居第３位。这些结果证实大杯蕈的蛋白质具较高的营养价值。

tudies were conducted to evaluate the nutritive value of a high proteinous mushroom Clitocybe maxima. On a dry weight basis,crude protein(N×4.38)contributed l8.5%ofthe pileus.The sporophore protein contained l6 amino acids,including all other cssential amino acids except that tryptophan was not detemined、and the essential amino acids contributed 43%ofthe total amino acids.The first limiting amino acid was lysine Methioninethe first limiting amino acid in most mushrooms,constituted 3%of the protein,similar to the composition pereentage in egg. The chemical score(CS),amino acid score(AAS),essential amino acid index(EAAI)and biological value(BV)were 69.1,67.3,87.7 and 83.9 respectively, second only to Volvariella diplasla in the fivc reference mushrooms. The score of ratio coefficient of amino acid(SRC)and nutritional index(NI)were 70.5nd l5.5 respectively,took the third in the five reference mushrooms.Therefore,Clitocybe maxina can be considered as an ideal source of mushroom protein.