马传贫病毒主要基因变异研究进展

Progress in Study of Main Gene of Equine Infectious Anemia Virus

马传贫病毒是反转录病毒科慢病毒属的成员之一,它在体内要通过反转录酶的作用合成 DNA,整合到宿主的基因组中进行复制,由于反转录酶没有校正功能,使病毒在体内复制过程中 错误拷贝RNA基因组,导致高频率的遗传变异。近年国内外学者对EIAV的研究发现变异的基 因主要集中在env、gag、LTR和S2等区域,这些区域基因的变异与病毒的毒力、病毒在体内的复制 水平及免疫原性密切相关。由于EIAV是慢病毒中最简单的病毒,它具有独特的发病进程和明显 的病程分界,使其成为研究包括HIV 内其它慢病毒基因变异与临床症状之间相互关系的理想 动物模型。因此对EIAV基因变异情况的研究具有重要意义。

Equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV) is a member of subfamily of Retroviruses. In vivo virus RNA is changed into DNA by reverse transcriptase, then is integrated into the host-cell genome and replicate with host-cell genome. Low fidelity of the lentiviral reverse transcriptase, which lacks proofreading activity makes virus undergo extensive genetic variation. Recent years scientists found that the variation of gene mainly distribute domain of env,gag, LTR and S2. Most of these variation closely connected with virulence, the level of replication and immunogenic character of virus. As EIAV is the simplest one among lentivirus in that it cause a unique progressive development and relative defined course of disease, it can served as a perfect model for the study of correlation between genetic variation of lentivirus and clinical symptom. Therefore to study the genetic variation of EIAV is importomt