社会系统复杂性与社会科学方法

The Complexity of Social System and the Method of Social Science Research

社会既是物质的又是思想的。社会由相互依存、相互作用的物质系统和思想系统组成。社会的 复杂性源自社会物质系统和社会思想系统中同层次和不同层次间的相互作用。社会科学研究的任务有三: 对物质社会的考察;对思想社会的考察和对物质社会与思想社会关系的考察。社会科学方法是实证的科学 方法和思想的人文学方法两者有机的结合。以层次论为基础的现代复杂性理论给社会科学研究注入了一种 新的方法论。

Society is both material and thought. It is composed of the material system and the thinking system, which are depended on and interact with each other. The complexity of society originates from the interaction among same layers of different layers in the social material system and the social thinking system. There are three tasks in social science research: the investigation to the material system, to the thinking system and to the relation between them. The method of social sci- ence research is the combination of positivism science method and humanities method. The modern complexity theory based on the Theory of Layer provides a new methodology idea to the research of social science.