论建立长效的农业公共灾害社会保险法律制度——由“禽流感”公共危机引起的思考

On Forming a Long-term Effective Social Insurance System for Public Agricultural Disaster——Reflecting on the Public Crisis Like the Bird Flu

现代社会类似于禽流感的公共灾害往往不期而至,给国家和人民带来重大损失。但是国家给予灾害受损户的公共补偿则因为国家财政的限制而很有限,使得这种补偿不完全;商业性质的财产保险又因为这种灾害具有很大的不确定性而惰于保险。基于此,本文提出我国应当建立一种融国家公共补偿责任和商业财产保险机制于一体的农业公共灾害社会保险制度。

In modern society, public disasters like the Bird Flu tend to occur unexpectedly and bring about great loss to a country and its people. But,a country’s financial compensation to the victims of the disaster is frequently limited and incomplete due to the country’s limited financial resources. And insurance companies are reluctant to insure against such disasters because of their great unpredictability. Based upon the above viewpoints, the paper elaborates on the necessity, possibility and methodology to form a long-term effective social insurance system integrating the country’s public compensation responsibility and the insurance system, in order to cope with public agricultural disasters like the Bird Flu.