石油和盐分胁迫下接种AM真菌对玉米生长和生理的影响

Effects of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal(AM)Fungi on Growth and Physiology of Corn Under Oil and Salt Stresses

在人工模拟石油污染土壤条件下,采用盆栽方法探讨了在不同浓度石油和盐分胁迫下接种 AM真菌对玉米生长、生理和养分吸收的影响.结果表明,在石油和盐分的胁迫下,无论接种与否玉米的生长均受到抑制,叶片细胞膜透性增加,叶绿素含量减少,过氧化氢酶活性降低.同时在石油和盐分胁迫下接种与不接种处理相比,AM真菌促进了玉米的生长,使玉米地上部、根、总生物量干重分别增加了 4.05%～5.19%、42.55%～56.36%和 3.77%～4.57%;使玉米叶片中叶绿素的含量增加,叶绿素 a、b分别增加了 10.19%～48.98%和 62.50%～1120.50%;使石油和盐分对玉米叶片细胞膜的伤害度减小,过氧化氢酶活性提高,从而增强了玉米对石油和盐分胁迫的抵抗能力.另外,菌根侵染还改善了玉米磷的营养.

The effects of inoculating AM fungi on growth and physiology of corn were investigated by a pot experiment under controlled environmental condition. The results showed that: under oil and salt stresses, the biomass production of corn inoculated with or without mycorrhizal fungi decreased; cell membrane of the corn leaf increased, the concentration of chlorophyll decreased. Meanwhile, under both oil and salt stresses, compared with noninoculation treatments, AM fungi increased biomass production of corn and promoted its growth. It has been found that the shoot, root and total biomass in dry weights all increased by 4.05%～5.19%,42.55%～56.36%and 3.77%～4.57%, respectively. Furthermore, compared with noninoculation treatments, AM fungi raised the concentrationof chlorophyll, especially that of chlorophyll B in corn leaf; making chlorophyll A and B rise by 10.19%～48.98%and 62.50%～1120.50%respectively. In addition, AM fungi alleviated disservice degree of oil and salt stresses to cell membrane of corn leaf, so it enhanced the resistance of corn to oil and salt stresses. AM fungi significantly improve phosphorus concentration in the shoot of corn, but reduced potassium concentration. The above mentioned results indicated that AM fungi enhanced the oil and salt resistance of corn, and it mainly related with the improvement of phosphorus nutrition conditions.