中国九城市社区、医院、企业健康教育工作现场调研报告

Report on the community,hospital,and enterprise health education in nine cities in China

目的 了解北京、天津、上海、杭州、无锡、济南、武汉、保定、包头等9个城市社区、医院、企业健康教育的现状、经验及存在的问题,为制定城市社区、医院、企业健康教育工作规范及考核指标体系提供依据。方法 访谈7个市卫生局主管社区卫生工作的部门领导,9个市健康教育所负责社区健康教育工作的领导;现场考察13个三级甲等医院、11个健康教育工作开展比较好的企业、9个社区卫生服务中心和9个社区卫生服务站的健康教育工作,并在考察的医院、企业、中心(站)组织小组讨论,查阅有关文件和资料。结果 9个城市都颁布了相关的文件,并将社区卫生服务中心(站)的建设纳入为民办实事工作中,有关领导重视社区健康教育工作;社区卫生服务中心(站)主要有3种类型;北京、上海、杭州等市政府每年投入一定的预防保健经费;有些三级甲等医院和企业的健康教育工作开展得有特色;18个社区卫生服务中心(站)都在开展“六位一体”的服务,但缺乏健康教育专业人员;社区卫生服务中心用房面积15 0 0m2 左右,工作人员2 0～14 0人,社区卫生服务站用房面积4 0～16 0m2 ,工作人员2～16人,健康教育仍沿用老的工作模式,不能满足居民的需要。结论 城市社区、医院、企业健康教育虽然取得一些成绩和经验,但经费投入不足、补偿机制不健全,发展尚?

Objective To investigate the current situation,experience and problems of community,hospital and enterprise health education in Beijing,Tianjin,Shanghai,Hangzhou,Wuxi,Jinan,Wuhan,Baoding,and Baotou so as to offer evidence for development of standard and evaluation system in community,hospital and enterprise health education. Methods The leaders of health bureau of 7 cities in charge of community health care and the directors of health education institutes of 9 cities in charge of community health education were interviewed. On-the-spot investigation on health education work was carried out in 13 grade 3A hospitals,11 enterprises with well-developed health education work,9 community health service centers,and 9 community health service stations in these cities. Focus group discussions were organized among the personnel concerned of the above organizations.Documents and materials were consulted. Results All 9 cities had developed relevant documents and brought construction of community health service center/station into the work of doing practical things for the people. All the leaders concerned paid great attention to community health education. Three types of community health service centers/stations had been identified. The governments of Beijing,Shanghai,and Hangzhou and other cities made an investment of 10～14 yuan even less per person a year to preventive health care. The health education work of the grade 3A hospitals and in some enterprises was carried out rather well. All 18 community health service centers/stations provided '6 in 1' service,however,they all lacked specialized health educators. The community health service centers had an area of about 1500m^2 and 20～140 staff workers and the community health service stations had an area of about 40～160m^2 and 2～16 staff workers. However,their health education work was mostly in old style,not appealing to the target population. Conclusion Some achievement and experience had been gained in community,hospital,and enterprise health education in cities of China; however,they are still at a low level. A lot of difficulties remained to be overcome.