多维焦虑评估量表的编制

Compilation of a multi-dimensional anxiety evaluation scale

目的:以大学生为抽样群体编制的拟能够全面反映焦虑各个层面特点的焦虑评估量表,并分析其项目信度和结构效度。方法:研究对象均来源于2004-09/12在浙江省某大学在读的大学生。参考国外焦虑量表条目表述特点,编拟了72个条目的焦虑评估量表初稿;以316名被试施测多维焦虑评估量表初稿的结果作项目分析和探索性因素分析,获知量表的结构。接着以385名被试施测多维焦虑评估量表正式稿的结果作验证性因素分析,并分析量表的项目信度和结构效度。结果:对675名被试施测焦虑自评量表、状态-特质焦虑量表后的联合项目因素分析,获得4个公共因素:特质焦虑存在、特质焦虑缺如、状态焦虑存在、状态焦虑缺如,其特征值分别为15.951,4.736,2.648,1.951;自编多维焦虑量表包括认知反应、主观感受、生理反应、行为反应4个结构,共56个测题。验证性因素分析结果,拟合优度指数、调整的拟合优度指数、标准拟合指数、非标准拟合指数、相对拟合指数值分别为0.88,0.86,0.85,0.86和0.88,总体上四维模型的拟合可以接受。经路径分析,每个测题都有一特定的效应值。结论:多维焦虑量表可以从焦虑的各个层面,诸如认知、情感与行为、生理反应之间相互关联中评估焦虑的水平与状态。

AIM:To compile an anxiety evaluation scale,which is supposed to be able to reflect the traits of different levels of anxiety comprehensively, taking university students as the sampling crowds,and analyze the reliability of items and the validity of the structure.METHODS:The subjects were the students who were studying in a university of Zhejiang province from September to December 2004.A draft of 72 item anxiety evaluation scale was compiled after making reference to the presenting characteristics of the items of anxiety scales abroad.The item analysis and exploratory factor analysis was carried out with the results of 316 testees,who were assessed with the multi dimensional anxiety evaluation scale (first draft),and the structure of the scale was obtained.Then a confirmatory analysis was performed with the results of another 385 testees, who were evaluated with the final version of the scale, and the reliability of the items and the validity of the structure were analyzed. RESULTS: The joint item analysis was carried out after 675 testees were assessed with self rating anxiety scale (SAS) and state trait anxiety inventory (STAI),and four common factors were obtained,which were existence of trait anxiety,absence of trait anxiety,existence of state anxiety and absence of state anxiety,and their characteristic values were 15.951,4.736,2.648 and 1.951 respectively.The self compiled multi dimensional anxiety scale included four compositions of cognitive reaction, subjective reaction, physiological reaction and behavior reaction (56 items in all). The confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the values of goodness of fit index, adjusted goodness of fit index, normal fit index, non normal fit index and comparative fit index were 0.88,0.86,0.85, 0.86 and 0.88 respectively,and the goodness of fit of the four dimensional model was acceptable in general.The path analysis showed that each item had a certain value of validity.CONCLUSION:The multi dimensional anxiety scale can assess the level and state of anxiety from the interconnections of its various aspects,such as cognition,emotion and behavior,as well as physiological reaction.