心理干预与思想教育方法对军人心理健康水平的影响

Effects of psychological intervention plus ideological education on the mental health level of soldiers

目的:探讨应用心理干预与思想教育相结合的方法提高军人心理健康水平,并对其效果予以评价。方法:随机抽取驻南防某部936名男性士兵,从2003年7月开始行为期90d的心理服务。其中420人为对照组,不施加干预,516人为干预组,开展形式多样的疏导、咨询、教育、引导等方法的心理干预和思想教育。两组均在开始期和90d后进行症状自评量表、焦虑自评量表、抑郁自评量表,评价干预前后的效果。结果:①干预组军人症状自评量表总分及人际关系敏感、忧郁、焦虑因子,分数均显著低于对照组[(135.6±19.3,139.4±21.6),(1.61±0.60,1.69±0.62),(1.51±0.51,1.58±0.54),(1.46±0.54,1.55±0.53),t=2.028～2.817,P<0.05]。②干预组军人焦虑情绪发生率由干预前的24.0%降为15.3%(χ2=12.41,P<0.01),并且显著性低于对照组的24.3%(χ2=11.96,P<0.01)。③干预组军人抑郁情绪发生率由干预前的36.8%降为20.2%(χ2=35.18,P<0.01),也显著性低于对照组的36.9%(χ2=29.46,P<0.01)。结论:应用心理干预和思想教育相结合的方法,明显缓解和降低士兵的负性情绪,提高了士兵心理健康水平。

AIM: To investigate the improvement of the mental health level of soldiers by means of psychological intervention combined with ideological education,and asse ss the efficacy. METHODS: Totally 936 male soldiers stationed in south China were selected at r andom and received a 90 day psychological service from July in 2003,420 of them (control group) received no intervention,and those in the interventional group(n =516) received various psychological interventions and ideological education of leading,consultation,education and guidance.All the soldiers in both groups were assessed with symptom checklist 90(SCL 90),self rating anxiety scale(SAS) an d self rating depression scale(SDS) at the beginning and after 90 days to evalu ate the effect before and after intervention. RESULTS:①The total score of SCL 90 and factor scores of interpersonal sensit ivity,depression and anxiety in the interventional group(135.6 ±19.3,1.61±0.60 ,1.51±0.51,1.46±0.54) were significantly lower than those in the control group (139.4±21.6,1.69±0.62,1.58±0.54,1.55±0.53)(t=2.028 to 2.817,P< 0.05).②The i ncidence rate of anxiety in the interventional group was decreased from 24.0%be fore intervention to 15.3%(χ2=12.41,P< 0.01),which was also significantly lowe r than that in the control group(24.3%)(χ2=11.96,P< 0.01).③The incidence rate of depression in the interventional group was decreased from 36.8%before inter vention to 20.2%(χ2=35.18,P< 0.01),which was also significantly lower than 36. 9%in the control group(χ2=29.46,P< 0.01). CONCLUSION:The practice of psychological intervention combined with ideologica l education can obviously relieve and reduce the negative emotions of soldiers a nd improve their mental health level.