日本鳗鲡人工育苗及仔鱼饲料研究

The Artificial Propagation and Larva Rearing in Japanese eel (Anguilla japonica)

日本通过40年对鳗鲡成熟控制技术的研究,特别是近几年来采用17,20β-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one(DHP)的鳗鲡雌鱼成熟诱导技术,使高质量鳗鲡受精卵的取得具有相当高的把握性。日本水产厅养殖研究所采用以鲨鱼卵冷冻干燥粉末为主要成份并含有磷虾或其它鲜鱼虾抽提液的糊状饲料,喂食人工孵化的日本鳗鲡仔鱼取得举世嘱目的突破性进展,但柳叶状仔鱼全长达到30mm以后几乎不再摄食,出现生长停滞,并已变得十分衰弱。全面攻克日本鳗鲡人工育苗难题尚待时日,特别是研制能有效促进后期柳叶状仔鱼生长并变态的全价育苗饲料已成为目前关注的焦点。

Over the past 40 years of study on the technology to control sexual maturation of Japanese eel(Anguilla japonica), especially the utilization of 17, 20β-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (DHP)for artificial induction of female maturation, it has already become available to obtain high-quality eggs of the fish in Japan. The research group of the National Research Institute of Aquaculture has made great progress to successfully rear the Japanese eel larvae by feeding a paste food mainly composed of lyophilized shark egg powders and fresh shrimp and fish extract. However, on reaching total length of 30 mm, the Japanese eel larvae stop feeding and growth and become extremely weak. It still needs days for the artificial propagation of Japanese eel to get fully practical, and nowadays the main concern has been focused on the development of optimal formulated larval diets to rear leptocephalous larvae of Japanese eel.