不同生境蚊类生态学研究

Study on the Mosquitoes Community Characteristics Ecology of Different Breeding Place

目的对云南省西双版纳州勐腊县最南端不同生境的蚊类群落特征进行研究,探讨开发区和未开发区蚊类群落的变化及几种主要媒介蚊虫在不同生境中的季节性分布。方法用CDC诱蚊灯在人、牛房通宵捕蚊,对所获数据进行群落学特征分析。结果捕获蚊虫2亚科7属12亚属,开发点人房捕蚊24种2286只,牛房捕蚊28种3689只;未开发点人房捕蚊30种1364只,牛房捕蚊35种4312只。开发点人房优势蚊种为微小按蚊,优势度61.69,未开发点优势蚊种为吉普按蚊,优势度31.65;牛房开发点优势蚊种为微小按蚊、中华按蚊、三带喙库蚊和伪杂鳞库蚊,优势度分别为47.07、33.61、35.03和30.71;未开发点优势蚊种为吉普按蚊、乌头按蚊、中华按蚊、微小按蚊、三带喙库蚊、伪杂鳞库蚊和棕头库蚊,优势度分别为75.48、63.23、50.86、36.96、59.65、54.57和50.71。结论两地群落蚊虫均为丰富,群落组成及结构均较复杂,两地各优势蚊种数量分布牛房基本均匀,人房不尽相同。

Objective Study on the ecological characteristics of mosquito community of two different breeding sites,defined as developed site and undeveloped site,in the most south part of Mengla County,Yunnan province. Methods CDC New Standard Miniature Light Traps were used to collect mosquitoes in human rooms and cowshed at night and analysis data by entomological community methods. Results 2 subfamily, 7genus, 12 subgenus were collected, that is from the developed human room is ~2 286 , cowshed ~3 698 and 41 species, from the undeveloped human room ~1 364 , cowshed ~4 312 and 38 species. The dominant species in the developed human room is Anopheles minimus, in the undeveloped human room is ~An.jeporienisis their dominance were ~61.96 and ~31.65 . The developed cowshed dominant species were ~An.minimus , ~An.sinenisis , Culex tritaeniorhynchus, ~Cx.pseudovishnui , and in undeveloped cowshed dominant species were ~An.jeporienisis , ~An.aconitus , ~An.sinenisis , ~An.minimus , ~Cx.tritaeniorhynchus , ~Cx.pseudovishnui , ~Cx.fuscocephala , respectively, their dominance were ~47.07 , ~33.61 , ~35.03 , ~30.71 , ~75.48 , ~63.23 , ~50.86 , ~36.96 , ~59.65 , ~54.57 , ~50.71 . Conclusion Mosquitoes communities of developed and undeveloped sites have abundant species and its structure and component are very complete, the distribution of quantity is identical in cowshed, but is different in the human rooms in two sites.