中国全新世大暖期与黄河中下游地区的农业文明

The Holocene Megathermal in China with the Agricultural Civilization in the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yellow River

距今8500～3000年是全新世以来气候最佳适宜期,在我国称之为'中国全新世大暖期'或'仰韶温暖期'.处在南北交接'生态过渡带'的黄河中下游地区,气候温暖湿润,植物繁茂,动物众多,水源充足,黄土疏松肥沃,这些适宜的生态环境为农业的孕育起源提供了得天独厚的温床.从新石器时代早期的南庄头遗址、案板遗址,到裴李岗文化、磁山文化、仰韶文化、龙山文化遗址,直至夏商时代的文化遗迹,都发现有丰富的农业遗存,充分说明黄河中下游地区是农业起源的中心地区之一.有利的生态环境背景和丰厚的经济基础,也是该地区文明发祥和早期王朝建都于此的主要因素.

The Holocene Climatic Optimum is equal to the Holocene Megathermal in China,or the Yangshao Warm Period in China,it is about 8500～3000 years ago. The region of the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River,being located in the transitional region of the ecological environment,was warm,humid, and its soil was soft and fertile, all that benefit the origin of the agriculture. So many cultural ruins in the Yangshao Warm Period show that this region is one of the original center of agriculture. Because of the solid foundation of the agriculture, the region of the middle and lower reaches of the Yellor River became an original region of the ancient countries in China.