无机成因二氧化碳气藏研究进展

Progress in the studies of inorganic-genetic CO_2 gas reservoirs

高纯度的CO2 气藏不仅具有重要的资源意义, 同时也有很重要的地质意义, 因此, 近年来对CO2 的勘探研究越来越重视。目前对CO2 的分布和成因研究程度最高, 其主要分布在火山活动频繁的环太平洋及中亚等部分地区; CO2 的成因可以分为无机成因和有机成因两大类, 无机成因的CO2主要为地幔脱气作用、岩石化学反应及碳酸盐岩受热分解形成的; 地幔脱气形成的CO2, 其运移成藏过程与深大断裂、地球内部的压力释放和岩浆活动密切相关; 值得关注的是近年来对深部处于超临界状态的CO2 研究表明, 超临界CO2 的活动对油气的运移和聚集意义重大, 但对超临界CO2 如何萃取和分离有机质的机理尚需进一步的研究。

High purity CO_2 Gas Reservoirs is not only a kind of important resource, but also the reflection of significant geological meanings. So in recent years people have paid more and more attention to CO_2 exploration. At present,the distribution and origin of CO_2 Gas Reservoirs are being studied in detail. This kind of resource mainly distributes around Pacific Ocean and in Middle East.The origin of CO_2 Gas Reservoirs can be divided into two kinds: inorganic and organic.The former is generally formed by mantle degassing, chemical reaction of rock and carbonate thermal decomposition. The migration and accumulation of CO_2 that is degassed by mantle have close relation with deep-and-large faults,pressure release in the inner part of the earth and magnetic activities. It should be noticed that the activities of super critical CO_2 have an important significance on petroleum migration and accumulation,but for this super critical CO_2, the mechanism of how to extract and separate organic matter still need to be further studied.