电针抗抑郁研究的模型探讨

Research on Model Choice for Analyzing the Effect of Electroacupuncture in Anti-depression

目的:探讨电针抗抑郁研究适宜模型的选择。方法:选用药物实验方法,观察去甲肾上腺素毒性实验小鼠的死亡率、5 羟色胺酸甩头实验小鼠甩头次数。用改变环境条件的方法,观察悬尾实验小鼠悬尾的不动时间和通过慢性应激模型观察开野实验大鼠的活动性及检测糖水实验糖水的摄入量。结果:与空白对照组相比,电针不能降低去甲肾上腺素毒性实验小鼠的死亡率,不能减少5 羟色胺酸甩头实验小鼠的甩头次数;但能减少悬尾实验小鼠悬尾的不动时间;慢性应激模型中,与模型组及模型束缚组相比,电针组和百优解组可明显增加开野实验的垂直运动次数及糖水的摄入量。结论:针刺对抑郁症的实验研究应选择改变环境条件诱发的抑郁动物模型进行,药物诱发的抑郁模型可能是不适宜的。

Objective: To study a suitable animal model for analyzing the therapeutic effect and mechanism of electroacupuncture (EA) in the treatment of depression. Methods: For 1) norepinephrine (NE) toxic test, 2) 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) head-twitch test and 3) tail-suspension test: three series of 30 male Kunming mice were respectively randomized into control, Prozac-20 and EA groups with 10 cases being in each group. Rats of Prozac-20 group were fed with Prozac-20 (0.2 mL/10 g, 2.6 mg/kg), once daily for one week; those of EA group were given with EA (2 Hz, 0.2～0.3 mA for mice, 0.6mA for rats) of “Baihui”(GV 20) and “Yintang”(EX-HN 3), once daily for one week. NE (1.2 mg/mL, 12 mg/kg, subcutaneous injection) for observing NE toxicity test, hydrochloric pargylin (100 mg/kg, i.p.) and 5-HTP (10 mg/kg, i.v) for head-twitch were given respectively to the rats of various groups on the 7th day. In another part of experiments, chronic stress model was established by forced ice-water swimming, tail-clamping, electric-shock stimulation, etc. 50 SD rats were equally randomized into control, model, Prozac-20 and bounding groups and EA groups. The methods for EA were the same to those mentioned above. The open field test for recording the rats' rearing and crossing motion times and the sucrose-intake volume were calculated separately. Results: Compared with control group, NE-induced death rate and 5-HTP-induced head-twitch times of EA group had no significant changes; but the immobility duration for tail-suspension test of EA group was significantly lower than those of both control and Prozac-20 groups (P<0.05). In chronic stress rats, the crossing and rearing motion times decreased considerably in comparison with those of control group, while in comparison with rearing motion times of model group, those of both Prozac-20 and EA groups increased significantly (P< 0.05), and those two indexes of EA group also significantly higher than those of bounding group (P<0.05). Compared with control group, the sucrose-intake volume of model group and bounding group decreased significantly (P<0.05); while compared with bounding group, the sucrose-intake volume of EA group increased significantly (P<0.05), and no significant difference was found between prozac-20 and EA groups in the volume. Results showed that EA could improve mice's and rats' behavior responses (shortening mice's duration of tail-suspension immobility, and increasing stress rats' locomotor activity). Conclusion: Drug-induced acute depression animal model is not suitable to be used for researching mechanisms of acupuncture, thus, it is recommended to conduct acupuncture research in the changed animals' living conditions and environment or in chronic depression animals.