线粒体基因突变与2型糖尿病研究进展

Recent Development between Mutation of the Mitochondrial Gene and Type 2 Diabetes

线粒体是细胞能量储存和供给的场所,可以将能量转化为驱动细胞反应的各种形式。线粒体基因突变通过影响细胞内能量转化而导致2型糖尿病发生。近年来线粒体基因(mtDNA)突变被认为是糖尿病的一种新的病因。 1997年美国糖尿病学会(ADA)把线粒体糖尿病列为特殊类型糖尿病,属于β细胞遗传缺陷疾病。线粒体糖尿病也是一大类异质性疾病,为加深对此病的认识,本文主要就所报道的线粒体糖尿病的突变位点、发病机制、主要的临床特点及其诊断和治疗方面的进展做一综述。

Mitochondria is the site of enegy for deposit and supply, it can changenegy into various forms for activities in cell. Mutation of the mitochondrial geneaffects the enegy' s transformation, so that it leads to diabetes. It has been consideredthat mutation of the mitochondrial is the new pathogeny of the diabetes in recentyears. ADA considered that mitochondrial diabetes is the special type , and it belongsto hereditary diease of g-cell in 1997. Mitochondiral diabetes is a kindof heterogenous diease. To understand clearly much more, this reviewdicusses our current knowledge on mitochondrial diabetes-point mutation, molecular mechanisms, mainly clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment.