原油储罐的腐蚀机理研究及防护技术现状

Corrosion Mechanism and Anti-corrosion Technology of Oil Tanks

原油储罐在运行过程中,经常遭受内、外环境介质的腐蚀。内腐蚀主要为内部储存介质、罐底积水及罐内空间部分的凝结水汽的腐蚀作用,其中罐底的内腐蚀尤为严重,主要是由滞留在罐底的沉积水所引起;外部腐蚀主要是大气腐蚀、土壤腐蚀、杂散电流腐蚀等。笔者概要介绍了原油储罐的腐蚀状况,重点讨论了储罐不同部位的腐蚀机理。在此基础上,总结并提出了一些行之有效的防腐措施,如抗静电涂料防腐、涂料与阳极保护相结合的保护技术。

Oil tanks are often exposed to corrosive medium while operating. Interior corrosion is mainly caused from harmful medium and water in the tanks together with gas in the upper tank. It is known that water at the bottom is the primary corrosive factor for interior corrosion. Exterior corrosion includes atmospheric corrosion, soil corrosion and stray current corrosion as well. The corrosion status of crude oil tanks is introduced with the emphasis on the corrosion mechanism at different parts of the tank. It is on this basis that some effective anti corrosion methods are concluded, i.e. use of antistatic coating, anodic protection combined with coating, aluminum thermal spraying, addition of corrosion inhibitor and so on.