低聚木糖、益生菌及抗生素对肉鸡肠道菌群和生产性能的影响

Effects of Xylooligosaccharides, Probiotics and Antibiotics on Intestinal Microflora and Performance of Broilers

选用1日龄健康AA肉雏鸡1200羽,随机分成6个处理,每个处理8个重复,分别饲喂添加抗生素(杆菌肽锌16.7mg·kg-1和硫酸粘杆菌3.3mg·kg-1,对照组)、低聚木糖(0.02%)、合生素(0.005%益生菌+0.005%及0.01%低聚木糖)、抗生素与低聚木糖(对照组抗生素+0.005%及0.01%低聚木糖)6种不同日粮,研究不同处理对肉鸡肠道微生物菌群和生产性能的影响。结果表明:与对照组相比,各试验组肉鸡空肠的乳酸菌数分别提高了19.89%(P<0.05)、9.17%、20.21%(P<0.05)、13.98%(P<0.05)和16.75%(P<0.05),除0.005%低聚木糖+抗生素组,其它各组大肠杆菌数量均较高。各试验组前期(0～21日)、后期(22～42日)和全期(0～42日)的肉鸡体增重分别提高了0.8%～15.1%、2.9%～29.0%和2.2%～24.0%,后期和全期饲料转化率分别改善了2.5%、4.3%、10.4%、16.9%、12.5%和1.0%、3.3%、6.2%、7.1%、6.2%,以添加0.005%低聚木糖+抗生素组的肉鸡增重、饲料转化率与成活率为最佳。

one-day AA broilers were randomly allocated to 6 treatments with 8 replicates. The birds were fed with six treatment diets supplemented with antibiotics (bacitracin zinc 16.7 mg·kg^(-1) and colistin sulfate 3.3 mg·kg^(-1), control), xylooligosaccharides(0.02%), synbiotics (0.005% probiotics+(0.005%) or 0.01% xylooligosaccharides), antibiotics + xylooligosaccharides(0.005% or 0.01%) to study the effects of xylooligosaccharides, probiotics and antibiotics on the intestinal microflora and performance of broilers. The results showed that the number of lactobacillus present in the jejunum of experimental groups increased by 19.89%(P<0.05), 9.17%, 20.21%(P<0.05), 13.98%(P<0.05), 16.75%(P<0.05), respectively, and only basic diet supplemented with 0.005% xylooligosaccharides + antibiotics had a decrease in the number of E.coli, compared with control group. Experimental diets increased body weight gain by 0.8%~15.1% at 0~21 days, 2.9%~29.0% at 22~42 days, 2.2%~24.0% at 0~42 days and improved feed conversion ratio by 2.5%, 4.3%, 10.4%, 16.9%, 12.5% at 22~42 days and (1.0%,) 3.3%, 6.2%, 7.1%, 6.2% at 0~42 days, respectively. The diet supplemented with 0.005% xylooligosaccharides + antibiotics had a better improvement of body weight gain, feed conversion and survival rate compared with other groups.