磷化氢、二氧化碳及低氧、二氧化碳混合熏蒸对腐食酪螨成螨毒杀作用的研究

THE TOXICITY OF PHOSPHINE CARBON DIOXIDE AND OXYGEN AlONE AND AS MIXTURES TO THE ADULTS OF COPRA MITE

本文研究了磷化氢、二氧化碳及低氧、二氧化碳混合熏蒸对腐食酪螨Ｔｙ－ｒｏｐｈａｇｕｓｐｕｔｒｅｓｃｅｎｔｉａｅ（Ｓｃｈｒａｎｋ）成螨的毒杀作用。结果表明：低氧（２％以下），较高浓度ＣＯ＿２（３２％以上）经较长时间（４８小时）的密闭可以杀死９５．５％以上的试螨。在ＰＨ＿３和ＣＯ＿２混合熏蒸中，ＣＯ＿２能增加ＰＨ＿３对该成螨的毒力、其增效系数因ＣＯ＿２浓度和处理时间而异，最高增效系数为６９．８２。在混合熏蒸中，若较长时间的密闭，ＣＯ＿２的最佳增效浓度为４～３２％（容积比），若较短时间的密闭，ＣＯ＿２最佳增效浓度为１６～３２％（容积比）。本文还对ＰＨ＿３、ＣＯ＿２的杀螨作用及ＣＯ＿２对ＰＨ＿３的增效作用进行了讨论。

The toxicity of phosphine,mixtures of phosphine + carbon dioxide and 2%oxy-gen + carbon dioxide to the adults of copra mite[Tyrophagus putrescentiae(Schrank )] werestudied.The results show that the mortality of the adults reach 95.5%at 2%oxygen,32%car-bon dioxide in a exposure period of 48 hours.In the mixed fumigation with carbon dioxide andphosphine,carbon dioxide is found to potentiate the toxicity of phosphine against the adults of themite. The synergic coefficient vary with the concentration of carbon dioxide and exposure period,and the highest synergic coefficient amount to 69.82.The optimum concentration of carbon diox-ide for synergy range from 4%to 32%(with a long exposure period)or form 16%to 32%(witha short exposure period).In addition,the role of carbon dioxide in the toxicity of phosphine andthe toxic effect of phosphine、carbon dioxide to the adults are discussed in this paper.