抗酸分枝杆菌和相关菌全细胞枝菌酸甲基酯的薄层分析

THIN-LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY OF MYCOLIC ACIDS METHANOLYSATES OF WHOLE-CELL IN MYCOBACTERIUM AND RELATED BACTERIA

用单向薄层层析方法对22种抗酸分枝杆菌及相关细菌的全细胞枝菌酸甲基酯进行了分析。结果表明,人型结核杆菌、牛型结核杆菌、堪萨斯分枝杆菌、海分枝杆菌和胃分枝杆菌的图谱特征相似,由α、甲氧基和酮基枝菌酸酯组成,还有两种未知成分I和J。微黄分枝杆菌、草分枝杆菌、岛分枝杆菌、胞内分枝杆菌、蛙分枝杆菌和不产色分枝杆菌等均由带α、酮基和蜡脂枝菌酸组成。其它菌种的层析图谱各不相同。诺卡氏菌、红球菌和棒杆菌的图谱较分枝杆菌属简单,主要含有α枝菌酸,又因其Rf值不同,可以将这4种菌属区别开。从肺结核患者痰中分离出来的9株标本枝菌酸图谱与标准人型结核杆菌相同,这和用标准化规程进行鉴定的结果一致。我们认为单向薄层层析对于抗酸分枝杆菌的分类和鉴定具有一定的意义。

Mycolic acid methanolysates of wholecell in Mycobacterium and related bacteria were analysed by thin-layer chromatography. The experimental results show that five of tweenty-two species, M. tuberculosis, M. bovis, M. kansasii, M. marinum and M. gastri have similar pattern of nwcolates, composed of α-mycolates, methoxymycolates, ketomycolates and two unknown components. M. gilvum, M. phlei, M. ovium, M. intracellulare, M. xenopi and M. nonchromogenicum contain α-mycolates, ketomycolates and wax-ester. The patterns of TLC for other tested species arevdifferent from each other. Nocardia, Rhodococcus and Corynebacterium show a relatively simple pattern which principally contain α-mycolates. The four genus can be differentiated. Spots of mycolic acids of nine strains Mycobacterium sp. isolated from patients in this hospital were similiar to M. tuberculosis. These strains were also identified to the same result as above by traditional mathods. The method is of value in the classification and identification of Mycobacterium.