道路交通伤及其他主要死因的减寿对比评估

Compared assessing of impact of road traffic accident versus other leading death causes on premature mortality

目的对比评估交通伤及其他主要死因对期望寿命前死亡的影响。方法应用寿命损失年数(YPLL)及有关的期望寿命前死亡评估指标。结果2000年,辽宁省城市居民死亡中男性交通伤死亡仅占2.3%,但其所致的YPLL及潜在工作损失年数(WYPLL)在全死因所致YPLL及WYPLL中的构成比则分别升高至9.2%及7.8%。女性交通伤死亡仅占死因构成的1.1%,但其所致的YPLL及WYPLL在全死因所致YPLL及WYPLL中的构成比分别升高至3.8%及4.6%。脑血管病缺血性心脏病所致的YPLL及WYPLL在全死因所致的YPLL及WYPL中的构成比明显低于其死因构成比。男性人群中肿瘤所致的YPLL及WYPLL在全死因所致的YPLL及WYPLL中的构成比与其死因构成比接近,而女性人群中则高于死因构成比。每一人道路交通伤亡所致的YPLL/d及WYPLL/d均明显超过其他主要死因。每一人道路交通伤死亡所致的VYPLL/d为正值,而其他主要死因的VYPLL/d均为负值。结论交通伤对期望寿命前死亡的影响非常明显地大于脑血管病、缺血性心脏病及肿瘤等,已成为导致人群潜在寿命损失年数的主要原因之一。

Objective To quantify the different contribution of road traffic accident versus leading death causes to premature mortality in the urban population in China.Methods Age-specific death numbers of road traffic accident and other leading death causes in seven central cities in Liaoning Province from health surviellance report of urban population provided by Liaoming Center for Disease Control and Prevention.Years of potential life lost(YPLL),Work years of potential life lost(WYPLL) and Valued years of potential life lost(VYPLL) were used for assessing.Results During 2000,death realted with road traffic accident were responsible for 2.3% of all deaths in male urban population,but that contributed 9.2% of total YPLL and 7.8% of total WYPLL.While in female urban population,death related with road traffic accident were responsible for 1.1% of all deaths,and that contributed 3.8% of total YPLL and 4.6% of total WYPLL.The proportion in all YPLL and WYPLL contributed by cerebrovascular disease and ischaemic heart disease were much lower than that in all deaths for both sex.The proportion in all YPLL and WYPLL contributed by tumor was closed to the proportion in all deaths in the male,and the proportion was higher than the proportion in all eaths in the female.YPLL/d(YPLL per death) and WYPLL/(WYPLL per death) of road traffic accident were higher than those of tumor,cerebrovascular disease and ischaemic heart disease) for both sex.VYPLL/d(VYPLL per death) of tumor,cerebrovascular disease was negative,and VYPLL of tumor was positive.Conclusion Deaths related with road traffic accident significantly contributed to the influence on premature mortality,and the influence was greater than tumor,cerebrovascular disease and ischaemic heart disease.The socioeconomic loss produced by road traffic accident might be less measured,if only based on the proportion of deaths.