血管加压素在脑水肿形成中的作用

The Role of Vasopressin in Brain Edema Formation

血管加压素(VP)的作用可分为外周和中枢2个部分,涉及到水的重吸收、血管收缩、促肾上腺皮质激素的分泌和记忆等重要生理作用。其受体分为V1aR、V1bR和V2R,中枢神经系统中以V1R为主。在脑外伤、脑出血和脑梗死等病理学过程中,VP常常异常增高,增加脑含水量,加重脑水肿。实验证明,V1aR在VP介导的脑水肿形成中起重要作用,但具体机制尚须进一步明确。研究VP在脑水肿形成过程中的病理生理学作用,对脑水肿的治疗有重要的指导意义。

The roles of vasopressin (VP) can be divided into two parts: periphery and center. It involves in some important physiological effects, such as the reabsorption of water, vasoconstriction, secretion of adrenoeorticotropic hormone, memory and so on. The vasopressin receptors include V1aR, V1bR and V2R. The prominent subtype in the central nervous system is V1R. The level of VP in brain usually increases abnormally, water content increases and thus exacerbates brain edema during the pathological processes of cerebral trauma, cerebral hemorrhage and cerebral infarction. Experiments have proved that V1aR plays an important role in VP-mediated brain edema formation. However, the specific mechanism remains to be further explores. The research into the pathophysiological role of VP in the process of brain edema formation has important guiding significance in the treatment of brain edema.