百色市医务人员的遗传咨询态度与地中海贫血预防

Knowledge and attitudes of medical counselors and Thalassemia prevention and control in Bose

目的 评价百色市医务人员对地中海贫血(简称地贫) ,基本知识和遗传咨询水平和地贫预防情况以及培训后的效果。方法 对5 60名医务人员进行地贫基本知识讲座、提供地贫筛查的基本方法并建立地贫控制基层网点、制定控制地贫的基本流程、给全体临床一线医护人员发放地贫科普小册子、设立地贫专家组咨询电话随时回答基层医务人员的问题,在培训前后进行地贫问卷调查。观察培训前后医务人员地贫基本知识及态度的基线答对率、医务人员咨询作用促进的产前诊断及其效果等。结果 培训前地贫基本知识及其态度的基线答对率为5 8%±10 % ;培训后答对率为88%±8% ,χ2 =5 .41,P <0 .0 5。培训后医务人员遗传咨询作用促进的产前诊断例数比培训前提高了3 7% ,年均增加了4例(P =0 .0 43 )。每2 .7例产前诊断就有1例是由于培训后的医务人员咨询作用促成,避免了4例重型地贫儿的出生。结论 通过对各级医务人员的培训,提高医务人员地贫基本知识和遗传咨询水平,以及对高危地贫胎儿的产前诊断,避免重型地贫儿的出生。

Objective To assess the awareness activities and prevention methods of thalassemia as well as the after-train effects and genetic counseling level of the medical personnel in Baise. Methods Awareness of thalassemia was created and basic screening methods together with brochures provided in and to the 560 trainees; a basic flow scheme of thalassemia prevention and control system was worked out and established. Telephone consultation hotlines by experts were also accessible to grass root medical personnel. We conducted our survey by using questionnaires designed to assess the percentages of baseline correct answers before and after the training, the prenatal diagnosis as a result of the trained counselors as well as its effects. Results The percentages of correct answers of the baseline in the medical personne knowledge and attitudes before and after the training was 58%±10% and 88%±8% respectively, χ2=5.41,P<0.05. The case rate of prenatal diagnosis after the training was increased by 37%, over that before the training, an average 4 more cases per year(P=0.043). One case in 2.7 prenatal diagnosis was diagnosed by trained counselors and 4 fetuses with thalassemia major were terminated. Conclusion The training proved to be of help in enhancing the knowledge and genetic counseling level as well as prenatal diagnosis in high-risk fetuses so to avoid the birth of children with thalassemia major.