宝石工矽肺发病现况调查

Study on disease status of gem worker's silicosis

目的 调查宝石行业粉尘危害和宝石工人矽肺发病的现状。方法 对广东省两家较大型的宝石加工厂共 15 6 3名宝石工进行职业性体检 ,并对作业现场进行卫生学调查。结果 作业现场粉尘测定浓度平均为 2 .4mg/m3 ,游离SiO2 含量平均为 92 .79% ,宝石加工工人矽肺发病率为 4 .2 9% ,发病年龄为 (2 7.12± 3.32 )岁 ,接尘工龄为 (4.74± 1.13)年 ,肺通气功能损害为 5 8.2 1% ,以混合型为主 ,小气道功能损害为 5 5 .2 2 %。结论 宝石加工厂作业条件差 ,工人矽肺发病率高 ,发病年龄轻 ,工龄短 ,肺功能损害严重。

Objective To study the hazards of gem dusts and disease status of gem worker's silicosis.Methods 1?563 workers in two gem factory in Guangdong province were examined and labor hygienes of workshop were also measured. Results The average dusts concentration in workshop was 2.4?mg/m 3, average free silica content was 92.79%.The incidence of gem worker's,silicosis was 4.29%. The age of being diagnosed as silicosis and the duration of dust exposure in the cases were (27.12±3.32) years and(4.74±1.13) years respectively.58.21% pulmonary ventilation capacity were damaged and 55.22% damaging types of the pulmonary funcition were mixed,and small respiratory trace functional were damaged.Conclusion The poorer labor condition of gem factory,higher incidence, silicosis in gem processing workers were young and short period of dust exposure.The pulmonary functional were damaged obviously.