菰属Zizania　L．植物的分支分类研究

A STUDY ON CLADISTIC TAXONOMY OF ZIZANIA L.(Gramineae)

本文应用分支分类学中的最大同步法对全世界菰属ＺｉｚａｎｉａＬ．及其有关属种进行定量分析研究其种系发生后所得出的分支树谱图上明显表示出法洛斯属ＰｈａｒｕｓＢｒ．不应该与菰属、稻属ＯｒｙｚａＬ．等同位在稻族Ｏｒｙｚｅａｅ内，而应另立法洛斯族Ｐｈａｒｅａｅ．菰属在稻族中独立出较进化的一支，当今称为菰亚族Ｚｉｚａｎｉｉｎａｅ．在菰属内全世界有４种．２亚种，其演化关系为菰Ｚ．ｌａｔｉｆｏｌｉａ是最原始，由它分别向得克萨斯菰Ｚｔｅｘａｎａ及水生菰Ｚ．ａｑｕａｔｉｃａ演化，再由水生菰演化至沼生菰Ｚ．ｐａｌｕｓｔｒｉｓ。

his paper deals with the cladistic taxonomy of Zizania L. and its related species (Oryza sativa L., Leersia japonica Makino, Chikusichloa aquatica Koidz.etc.) were selected as OTUs. By the results of Kexue compatibility analysis the character 5, 17, 24 and 27 which possess higher incompatible coefficients were deleted from the original data. The OTU13 which loads a higher incompatibility for the character 10 was revised. we finally rearranged the original data for cladistic analysis in Table 3. and by the quantitative method we inferred the evolutionary tree of Zizania being shown in Fig. 1. All quantitative analysis were carried out by KEXUE Quantitative Analysis System on microcomputer.The cladogram (Fig. 1) Was suggested that Pharus L. should be transferred to tribe Phareae. Genus Zizania should belong to tribe Oryzeae and may be considered as an isolated subtribe Zizaniinae. There are 4 species, 2 subspecies in the whole world. i. e. Z. latifolia. Z. texana. Z. aquatica subsp. aquatica, Z. aquatica subsp. brevis, Z. palustris subsp. palustris and Z. Palustris subsp. interior. The evolutionary tread of every species in this genus may be suggested that Z. latifolia is the most primitive species than others, Z. texana and Z. aquatica may be derived from Z. latifolia separately, and then Z. palustris may be derived from Z.aquatica.