安徽省来安县小麦梭条花叶病的病原鉴定和防治

IDENTIFICATION OF THE PATHOGEN AND CONTROL OF THE WHEAT SPINDLE STREAK MOSAIC DISEASE IN ANHUI PROVINCE

近年来安徽省来安具发生一种呈典型梭条花叶病症状的小麦病害,用病叶进行一系列抽提,制得病原初提纯制剂。经紫外扫描测定为标准的核蛋白吸收曲线,最大吸收值在260nm处,A260/A280为1.27,Amax/Amin为1.16。电镜观察病原为线状病毒颗粒,宽12—13nm,长度分布在100nm—600nm之间,1000nm以上颗粒所占比例较少。提纯病毒制剂经SDS—聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳,可见到36.8kd的模糊蛋白带,但最易出现的是29kd和27kd二条明显的带。病原与小麦梭条花叶病毒抗血清起阳性反应。仪发现侵染小麦,并通过土壤传播,最后鉴定该病病原为小麦梭条花叶病毒,并对该毒源病毒外壳蛋白组分易于降解成较小的产物和不同分离物致病力关系提出讨论。同时在来安引种3165等抗病良种并结合其它措施进行防治,取得了明显的防治效果。

A virus disease on wheat oceuring in Lai' an County, Anhui Province was diagnosed. The ultraviolet absorption spectra of the purified virus was typical of virus nucleoprotein. The purified virus was lexuous particls of 12-13×100- 600nm,of which,the percentage of over 1000nm particle was less in Anhui than that in Jiangsu. Coat protein of purified virus in SDS-PAGE migrated two protein bands with molecule weight of 29 and 27kd respectively. The virus only infected Triticum aestivum L. and reactted strongly with antiserum against wheat spindle streak mosaic virus (WSSMV). The soil in diseased fields played an important role in the transmission of this disease. It is reasonable that the pathogen is WSSMV. Prevention of this disease was achieved by application of integrated control including the use of resistant Varieties, crop rotation and application of nitrogen fertilizers in early grow stage.