鸭稻共作生态系统的实践与理论问题探讨

Discussion on practical and theoretic issues of integrated rice-duck farming system

鸭稻共作技术作为一项环保性生态农业技术,现已在亚洲许多国家和我国多个省份得到应用和推广。为了使鸭稻共作技术模式更好地、更科学地推广应用,还有很多实践和理论问题需要加以研究探索和解决,主要包括:(1)水稻品种和鸭子品种的筛选问题;(2)鸭稻共作模式系统的结构优化问题;(3)鸭子的生态学功能过程及其内在机理有关的科学问题;(4)水稻病虫害的综合防治问题;(5)稻田土壤肥力维持问题;(6)田间日常管理问题;(7)鸭子饲料来源问题;(8)稻田鸭子的疫病综合防治问题;(9)鸭稻共作技术模式的标准化问题;(10)鸭稻共作技术模式的经济效益问题。

Integrated rice-duck farming technology, as an environmental friendly technology, has been applied and practiced in many countries in Asia and in many provinces or areas in China. In order to promote this technology more effectively and scientifically, Some problems or issues should be addressed: (1) selection of rice species and duck species suitable for rice-duck farming system; (2) structure optimization of rice-duck farming system; (3) scientific issues related to ecological processes and functions of duck and linked mechanisms in paddy ecosystem; (4) integrated pest and disease management in paddy ecosystem; (5)sustainability of soil fertility of paddy field; (6)improvement of routine field management; (7) new sources of fodder for ducks; (8) prevention and cure of epidemic diseases of ducks; (9) standardization of integrated rice-duck farming system; (10) improvement of economic benefits of integrated rice-duck farming system.