肺炎患儿肺炎支原体感染血清调查分析

Serologic Survey of Mycoplasma Pneumonia Infection in Pediatric Patients

目的 调查小儿肺炎支原体(MP)感染发病率与季节、年龄以及性别的关系。 方法 应用肺炎支原体IgM抗体快速检测卡法进行血清MP特异性IgM检测。 结果 3年共检测95 7例患儿样本,其中阳性样本数共3 86例,阳性率为40 .3 %。男、女性肺炎患儿MP -IgM阳性率分别为3 4.5 %、5 1.7% ,两者比较差异有统计学意义(P <0 .0 0 1)。0 1岁婴儿期MP感染率为14 .4% ;2～3岁组幼儿MP感染率为40 .6% ;4～6岁学龄前期MP感染发病率为45 .9% ;7～14学龄期MP感染率为5 2 .2 %。0～1岁组MP -IgM阳性率低于其他年龄组,差异有统计学意义(P <0 .0 0 1)。发病时间分布上,全年皆有不同程度MP感染病例发生,秋冬季节MP感染率比春夏季节高。从2 0 0 2～2 0 0 4年,MP阳性人数呈逐年增加的趋势。 结论 MP感染的好发年龄为学龄前和学龄期儿童,女性儿童感染机会高于男性儿童,易发季节为秋冬季。

Objective To investigate the prevalence of Mycoplasma pneumonia infection in pediatric patients and the seasonal incidence relationship and age and gender differences. Methods ImmunoCard Mycoplasma method was used to detect the Mycoplasma pneumonia IgM antibodies in 957 pediatric patients' serum samples from Jan 1, 2002 to Nov 30, 2004 in Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College. Results Among the 957 samples, 386 were positive (40.3%), among which 34.5% were boys and 51.7% girls; there was significant gender difference (P< 0.001 ). The prevalence varied in different age groups: 0～1 yr.(14.4%), 2～3 yr.(40.6%), 4～6 yr.(45.9%) and 7～14 yr.(52.2%) that demonstrated a significantly lower incidence in the 0～1 yr. age group (P<0.001). Incidences in autumn and winter were higher than in spring and summer. The data suggested an increasing tendency of infection rate from 2002 through 2004. Conclusions MP infection rate is higher in autumn and winter, the pre-school and school ages groups have a higher possibility of infection, and girls seems more susceptible than boys.