深圳市宝安区有机溶剂职业中毒的经济负担研究

Study on the economic burden of occupational poisoning induced by organic solvents in Baoan district of Shenzhen city

目的评价有机溶剂职业中毒企业的经济负担。方法对深圳市宝安区2001年1月1日～2002年12月30日所有发生有机溶剂职业中毒的企业进行现场调查。结果实际调查现患企业24间,现患病例96人,另外有4间企业(7个病例)搬迁和倒闭除外。引起中毒的有机溶剂为正己烷、三氯乙烯、二氯乙烷和混合有机溶剂。宝安地区企业有机溶剂职业中毒2年总经济负担为8059095.2元,确诊患者的治疗时间总计124人年,平均经济负担为64992.7元/人年。经济负担中直接经济负担4756313.2元,占59.0%;误工时间28517d,间接经济负担为922782.0元,占11.5%;无形损失2380000元,占29.5%。2年内24间企业共投入职业卫生整改资金899966元。整改投入与总经济负担呈直线相关关系(相关系数r=0.80,P=0.00),职业中毒的损失与整改投入的比值为8.95∶1。结论有机溶剂职业中毒经济负担沉重。做好有机溶剂职业中毒防治工作,对确保广大劳动者的身心健康,促进地区经济的发展,有着重要的意义。

Objective To evaluate the economic burden of occupational poisoning induced by organic solvents. Methods All the factories with the patients of occupational poisoning by organic solvents from January.1,2001 to December 30,2002 were surveyed. Results 24 factories and 96 patients were surveyed. The poisonous solvents were n-hexane, trichloroethylene, dichloroethane and mixed organic solvents. In these two years, the total economic burden was 8 059 095.2 yuan and the average was 64 992.7 yuan per person per year. The direct cost was 4 756 313.2 yuan (59.0%),the indirect cost was 922 782.0 yuan (11.5%),and the intangible cost was 2 380 000 yuan (29.5%). Conclusion The economic burden of occupational poisoning induced by organic solvents was very heavy. Much intervention should be done to prevent the occupational poisoning, such as to carry out Law on Prevention and Control of Occupational Disease of China. It would be very worthwhile to protect the labor and so to promote the development of local economy.