职业接触烹调油烟者某些生物标志物的变化

Changes of certain biomarkers in workers occupationally exposed to cooking oil fumes.

目的探讨烹调油烟对职业接触人群健康损害的早期生物标志物。方法分析职业接触组46名男性饭店厨师,对照组28名男性饭店管理人员外周血淋巴细胞姊妹染色单体交换(SCE)和微核(MN)的变化。结果接触组SCE的平均值为7.37,对照组SCE平均值为4.17,协方差分析调整吸烟、饮酒等混杂因子后,两组SCE差异仍然存在显著性(P=0.0001),多因素逐步回归分析表明,接触组人群的SCE水平随接触年限的延长而升高。接触组工人微核检出阳性率和微核细胞率分别为52.17%、2.37‰,都明显高于对照组的17.86%和0.75‰(P<0.01)。结论职业接触烹调油烟者SCE和MN有变化。

Objective To explore the biomarkers of health hazard in workers occupationally exposed to cooking oil fumes. Methods In the exposure group, there were 46 male cooks who were empolyed in restaurants and inhaled cooking oil fumes eve-ry day. 28 managers were in the control group. Student’s t-test was used to compare the frequencies of SCEs and MN in ex-~posed workers and the controls. The relationship between the biomarkers and the exposure to cooking oil fumes was also assessed by multiple linear regression. Results The positive subjects of micronucleus test was 52.17% in the exposed group, which was much higher than 17.86% in the controls(P=0.003), the micronulei rate in the exposed group was 2.37‰, also much higher than 0.75‰ in the controls(P<0.01).The means of frequencies of SCEs in the exposed group was 7.37, much higher than the means of 4.17 in the controls. After adjustment for confoundings such as smoking , alcohol intake, the analysis of covariance revealed that the frequencies of SCEs was much higher than that in the controls (P=0.000 1). Muitiple linear regression analysis(using a continuous and variable exposure) suggested that frequencies of SCEs transformed by natural log increased with exposure years in the exposed group. Conclusion Cooking oil fumes might induce changes of SCEs and MN in the exposed.