几种植物体细胞胚胎发生标记蛋白的研究

MARKER PROTEINS FOR SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESISIN SEVERAL PLANTS

利用ＳＤＳ一聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳对西洋参（ＰａｎａｘｑｕｌｎｇｕｅｆｏｌｉｕｓＬ．）、香雪兰（Ｆｒｅｅｓｎｉｒｅ－ｆｒａＫｌａｔｔ．）、光棘豆（ＯｘｙｔｒｏｐｏｌｅｐｔｏｐｈｙｌｌａＬ．）和草木气（Ｍｅｄｌ’ｃａｇｏｓｕａａｖｅｏｌｅｎｓＬ．）４种植物的胚性、非胚性愈伤组织及胚状体的可溶性蛋白组成进行了分析。结果表明，在这几种植物的胚性愈伤组织中均存在非胚性愈伤组织中没有的特异蛋白质。在西洋参和光棘豆中，这些胚性蛋白质在胚状体中也能检测到。另外，在香雪兰和光棘豆的非胚性愈伤组织中还发现了胚性愈伤组织中没有的蛋白质成分。特异性的胚性蛋白质可以作为分子标记来鉴别潜在的胚性培养物，跟踪胚胎发育，并为进一步探讨体细胞胚胎发生的基因调控和分子机制提供基础。

SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was employed to examine the soluble proteincomposition of embryogenic callus, non-embryogenic callus, as well as developing embryoidsin Panax quinquefolius L.. Freesia refracta Klatt., Oxytropis leptophylla L. and Medicagosuaveolens L. The results showed that embryogenic proteins were specifically present in po-tentially embryogenic calluses in all the 4 plant species studied. In Panax quinquefthes andOxytropis leptophylla, the same embryogenic proteins were detected in developing embryoids. Besides, a number of callus-specfic proteins was also found in non-embryogenic calluses of Freesia refracta and Medicago suaveolens. Although diverse in number, molecularweight and life span in different species, these specfic proteins seem to be related to the embryogenic state of callus, and may be used as markers to identify potentially embryogeniccultures and to trace the development of embryoids. They also provide the basis for studiesof gene activities and molecular mechanisms of somatic embryogenesis in these plant species.