中国柳属多雄蕊类群的分支系统学研究

A PRELIMINARY CLADISTIC STUDY ON THE MULTISTAMINAL WILLOWS (SALIX) IN CHINA

应用杨属（Ｐｏｐｕｌｕｓ）和钻天柳属（Ｃｈｏｓｅｎｉａ）分别作为不同的外类群，对中国柳属多雄蕊类群构建了两个分支图．结果表明，钻天柳属、大叶柳和四子柳组（Ｓｅｃｔ．Ｔｅｔｒａｓｐｅｒｍａｅ）都是较原始的类群．支持建立ＴｏｉｓｕｓｕＫｉｍｕｒａ属．根据分支图和染色体数目资料，多雄蕊类群可划分五个类组．支持方振富教授关于“南方型”和“北方型”的划分以及在东亚有从南方向北方演化的趋势，特别对于中国特有组紫柳组（Ｓｅｃｔ．Ｗｉｌｓｏｎｉａｎａｅ）．Ｓｅｃｔ．Ｓａｌｉｘ和Ｓｅｃｔ．Ｓｕｂａｌｂａｅ两组的分化应予以承认．

The genera Populus and Chosenia were used as different outgroups, respectively, to construct two cladograms for multistaminal willows in China. The results showed that Chosenia. S. maximowiczii and Sect. Tetraspermae were primitive taxa. It was supported to erect the genus Toisusu Kimura. According to the cladograms and the chromosome mumbers, multistaminal willows could be divided into five cladistic groups. It was in agreement with Prof. Fang's view that multistaminal willows had a division of the 'southern type' and the 'northern type' and had an evolutionary trend from south to north in Eastasia especially for Sect. Wilsonianae endemic to China. The differentiation of Sect.Salix and Sect. Subalbae was accepted.