2Goodwin FK and Jamison KR(1990).Manic Depressive Illness.New York:Oxford University Press.
3Ghaemi SN,Ko JY,Goodwin FK."Cade's disease" and beyond:misdiagnosis,antidepressant use,and a proposed definition for bipolar spectrum disorder.Can J Psychiatry,2002,47:125～134.
4Ferrier IN,MacMillan IC and Young AH.The search for the wandering thymostat:a review of some developments in bipolar disorder research.Br J Psychiatry,2001,178(Suppl 41):103～104s.
5Amsterdan JD,Garcia-Espana F,Fawcett J,et al.Efficacy and safety of luoxetine in treating bipolar Ⅱ major depressive episode.J Clin Psychopharmacol,1998,18:435～440.
8Perugi G Akiskal HS,Lattanzi L,et al.The high prevalence of "soft" bipolar(Ⅱ) features in atypical depression.Compre Psychiatry,1998,39(1):63～71.
二级参考文献10
1Weissman MM, Leaf PJ, Tischler GL, et al. Affective disorder in five United States communities. Psychol Med, 1988;18:141.
2Burke KC, Burke JC Jr, Regier DA, Rar DS. Age at onset of selected mental disorders in five community populations. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1990;48:789.
3Akiskal HS. The prevalent clinical spectrum of bipolar disorders. Beyond DSM-IV, J Clin Psychopharmacology, 1996;16:4.
4Manning JS,Connor PD,Sahai A. The bipolar spectrum. a review of current concepts and implications for the management of depression in primary care. Arch Fam Med, 1998;7:63.
5Kessler RC, Rubinow DR,Holmes C,et al. The epidemiology of DSM-Ill-R bioplar Ⅰ disorder in a general population survey. Psychol Med,1997;27:1079.
6Ferrier IN, MacMillan IC and Youny AH. The search for the wandering thymostat. a review of some developments in bipolar sisorder researvh. Bri J Psychiatry, 2001;178(suppl41): 103.
7Coryell W, Endicott J, Maser JD, et al. Long-tesm stability of polarity distinctions in the affective disoeders. Am J Psychiatry, 1995;152:385.
8Akiskal HS, Maser JD, Zeller PJ, et al. Switching from unipolar to bioplarII, an 11 - year prospective study of clinical and temperamental predictors in 559 patients. Arch Gen Psychiatry, 1998;52:114.
9Kessler RC, Rubinow DR, Holmes C, et al. The epidemiology of DSM-III-R bioplar Ⅰ disorder in a general population survey. Psychol Med, 1997;27:1079.
10Bauer MS, Calabrese JR, Dunner DL, et al. Multi-site data reananlysis. validity of rapid cycling as a course modifier for bipolar disorder in DSM-IV. Am J Psychiatry, 1994;151:506.
