日本对大气污染控制的经验值得借鉴

The Experience of Jepanese Air Pollution Control Is Worth Learning

近年来,随着环境污染、资源稀缺和生态破坏等种种环境问题的日益突出,环境管理通过有效配置环境资源,提供良性循环的生态系统以及提出代际公平的伦理思想等等对于可持续发展所发挥的基础性作用受到越来越多的关注.也就是说,环境管理的最终目标是促进生态、经济、社会三个子系统及相互间的协调运转进而提高全社会的福利水平,达到人类社会的可持续发展--既满足当代人的需要又不损害后代人满足其需要的能力的发展.从这个意义上说,人类社会这个大系统作为环境管理的最终和目标受益者,也是环境管理的实施者.因此构建一个社会环境管理系统,提高社会环境管理能力才能切实有力地推进可持续发展.本文以城市大气污染控制为例,借鉴日本在产业公害型污染控制取得的巨大成功以及目前面对城市生活型大气污染所采取的对策,在社会环境管理系统框架基础上,对我国城市大气污染控制和社会环境管理能力建设提出相关建议.

This article explains the concept of Social Environmental Management Capacity Building and its meaning on sustainable development. In addition, it also describes the evolvement of the Social Environmental Management System. Through a case study on good practice of air pollution control in Japan and its implication to China, the article gives advice that it should be necessary to establish a thorough Social Environmental Management System and to design relative indexes to evaluate the Social Environmental Management Capacity in China, which may contributes to the development of the system to the level of self-management and which might boost the overall welfare of human beings. In the end, based on Social Environmental Management System, this article gives concrete advice on air pollution control and Environmental Management Capacity Building in China.