淀粉乙酸酯的烯丙基醚化反应研究

A Study on the Reaction of Starch Acetate with Chloropropylene

研究了取代度为0.6～1.6的乙酰淀粉溶解在DMF溶剂中,与氯丙烯发生亲核取代醚化反应,均相合成烯丙基淀粉乙酸酯的方法.考察了碱试剂、反应物配比、催化剂、反应温度及反应时间等因素对烯丙基淀粉乙酸酯合成的影响.实验结果表明,叔丁醇钠是比较适宜的碱试剂;当氯丙烯的物质的量是乙酰化淀粉残余羟基值的1.2倍,反应温度为60℃,反应时间为6 h,催化剂为Nal时,乙酰淀粉的烯丙基醚化度可达0.05～1.20.IR和化学分析数据证实了上述实验结果.

Allyl-starch acetates of different substitute degree are synthesized with acetic starch and chloropropylene as raw materials in DMF. The effect of catalysts, mass rate, reaction temperature, time, solvent and other factors upon the synthesis is studies. Experiment results indicate that sodium t-tertiary alcohol is the suitable base in the etherification. The etherification degree of acetic starch can be controlled within 0.05～1.20 by appropriate reaction condition: 60 ℃ and the reaction time of 6 h. Statistics by IR and chemical analysis testifies the above results.