统筹城乡发展视野中的城市农民工问题

The farmer workers in cities from the angle of overall development of cities and the counteryside

家庭承包经营责任制是城市农民工产生的制度前提,农村劳动力过剩以及农业比较效益低等因素促使农民走上进城“淘金”路。农民工不但为城市繁荣做出了贡献,对于农村的发展也功不可没。但农民自身的素质决定了农民工完全融入城市生活需要较长的过程,二元社会结构下的户籍制也将农民工拒之于“城市人”门口之外,因此城市农民工成了城市边缘人。变“城市边缘人”为“城市人”具有重要意义,因为富裕农民必须减少农民,城市化是现代化必经的一个环节;让“边缘人”成为城市人也是国家长治久安的必然要求。

The system of household contract of land is the systematic premise of the occurrence of farmer workers in cities.The surplus of rural labor force and the lowness of comparative benefit of agriculture etc.force part of farmers to enter cities to earn money.Farmer workers in cities contribute much not only to the prosperity of cities but also to the development of the countryside.However, owing to their low qualities,the farmer workers have a long way to go in order to mix themselves into city life.The system of household register under the duality social structure also keeps farmer workers from becoming city citizens.So farmer workers in cities become border people of cities.To change border people of cities into city citizens is very significant.In order to make farmers rich,we must lessen the number of farmers,and urbanization is a key link of China's modernization.To change border people of cities into city citizens is also an inexorable request of the long-term stability of the state.