女性文学这个概念

The Concept of the Female Literature

女性文学这个概念的命名在研究界表现出难堪的失语状态,现有的几种女性文学概念共同的问题是忽略了女性文学这个概念的历史性与现代性内涵。只有在人类历史由传统的母系制到父权制再到近现代由传统的封建父权社会向现代自由民主社会的转型过程中,才有可能出现属于女性自己的文学。这是一个女性主体在文学中由长期缺席、不在场到逐渐出席、在场的过程。把女性主体性作女性文学这个概念的基本内涵,并把五四新文化运动中诞生的以人的发现、女性的发现为精神血脉的五四女作家群的出现,作为我国女性文学的开端,而把这之前由晚明开始直到晚清和民国初期具有朦胧的人文主义觉醒的女诗人们的创作作为中国女性文学的一个长长的序幕,是本文基本的女性文学观。同时,女性主体性作为女性文学这个概念的核心,同时也是女性文学研究运用性别视角阐释文本意义的一种必要的价值尺度和价值支点。

The boundary of the concept of the female literature is fairly confused, because the historic and modern intensions of the concept have been neglected. It is in the process of the transformation from traditional patriarchy of feudal society into the modern freedom and democratic society that makes the emergence of the female literature possible. It is a process that the female subject has transformed from absence for a long time into gradual presence in the scene of literature. This article regards the female subject as the basic intension of female literature. The emergence of the group of woman writers in the New Culture Movement around the time of May Fourth Movement is conceived as the beginning of the female literature in our country, and the works created by poetess with dim humanism from the late of Qing Dynasty to the early of the Republic of China as a long prologue of female literature in China. The female subject is not only the kernel of the concept of female literature, but also a necessary measure and fulcrum of value in interpreting the meanning of literary texts with the sexual angle of view.