吕梁地区育龄妇女对出生缺陷相关的知识、态度、行为的调查

The KAP investigation on the reproductive life women about birth defects in Lüliang

目的了解山西省吕梁地区育龄妇女掌握优生知识的水平,对此的态度及相关的行为。了解其对生殖健康服务的需求状况,为该地区出生缺陷干预提供健康教育的技术支持。方法采取随机整群抽样的方法,在山西省吕梁地区的13个县中,每县抽取5～6个村,每村抽取约100名18～45岁的育龄妇女进行问卷调查。结果本次调查共收回问卷6905份,其中有效问卷6849份。调查结果显示,山西省吕梁地区育龄妇女对优生知识掌握的总体水平偏低,其掌握程度随文化程度的增高而增高(P<0.001)。在行为方面,做婚前、产前医学检查的育龄妇女所占的比例较低,分别为12.01%和51.26%。在态度方面,育龄妇女对优生服务的需求随文化程度的增高而增高(P<0.001)。在接受过优生咨询及技术服务的育龄妇女中认为技术服务很好或较好的占78.31%。结论山西省吕梁地区育龄妇女文化素质偏低,对基本优生及生殖保健知识掌握不够。基层妇幼保健工作在多方面须进一步加强,并扩大育龄妇女健康教育的广度与深度。

Objective To study the reproductive life women in Lüliang area, Shanxi province, mastered how much knowledge of birth health, the attitude to the birth health and the behavior. To study the requirement of reproduction health to provide the support of the health-education technology for the prevention of the birth defects. Methods According to random cluster sampling, we drew 5 to 6 villages in each county and chose about 100 the reproductive life women, aged 18 to 45 years in every village. They were investigated on questionnaires. Results Six thousand,nine hundred and five questionnaires were collected in the investigation. The utility questionnaires added up to 6 848. The investigation indicated that the general level of the reproductive life women who mastered the knowledge of birth health was low. The level became higher as the women with higher education(all P<0.001).On behavior: the rate of women who accepted before-marriage examination(12.01%) and antenatal care (51.26%) was low. On attitude: their requirements about birth health service became higher as the women with higher education(all P<0.001).The women who accepted birth health consultation and technical service thinking the service was good was 78.31%. Conclusion The education disposition of the reproductive life women in Lüliang area, Shanxi province is low. Their knowledge about basic birth health and excellent-nourish and reproductive health care are inadequate. The basic woman-young health service should be intensified. The extent and depth of the child-bearing women's health education should be magnified.