影响中国政治现代化的六大因素

Six Factors Affecting Modernization of China Politics

一个国家的现代化主要包括政治、经济、文化和人的现代化等几个方面。其中,政治现代化是前提,经济现代化是基础,文化现代化是标志,人的现代化是核心。中国的现代化运动从19世纪60年代开始,迄今已有约150年的历史。在过去的100多年中,中国的现代化虽然有了长足的进步,但有一个事实是无可争辩的,即到目前为止,中国仍是一个尚未完成现代化的发展中国家。为什么经过近150年的努力,中国现代化还没能完全实现呢?一个根本的原因在于中国政治改革的失败与迟缓。它是中国现代化建设的历史难题。而这一难题又是和传统文化的阻力、最优模式的误会、方法的错用、社会稳定的不足、市场经济发育不够、人的素质的低下等因素紧密相连的。

The modernization of a country embraces several aspects such as the modernization of politics, economy, culture and people, in which politics is the premise, economy is the basis, culture is the indicator and people is the core of modernization. The modernization campaign in China started in 1860s. In the past 100 years, though with great success, an indisputable fact is that thitherto modernization has not been realized in China. A basic reason is the failure and retardation in the reform of politics, which has been a historical problem. This problem, in turn, is closely related with the resistance from traditional culture, misconception as to the optimal mode, misuse of methods, social instability, underdevelopment of market economy and low quality of the population.