97例药疹伴系统损害临床分析

Clinical Investigation of 97 Cases with Drug Eruption

目的:探讨药疹的致敏药物种类、排序、临床表现、治疗及转归。方法:对97例患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果:致敏药物排序抗生素占42.3%,解热镇痛类占38.1%,生物制品及血清制品占7.2%,中药类占6.1%,磺胺类仅占4.1%;抗生素类中头孢类又占57.3%,解热镇痛类药中感冒药占47%;发病年龄以中青年为多,老年药疹增加明显;药疹皮疹主要以荨麻疹、麻疹样或猩红热样红斑为主;系统损害依次排序为肾脏占59%,心脏占43.7%,肝脏占38.7%,血液系统占13.3%。结论:致敏药物以抗生素、解热镇痛类药为主,受累脏器以肝、肾、心脏为主。临床医生应注意用药安全性监督,以降低药疹的发生率。

Objective:To investigate drug eruption and explore the main medication that caused the eruption.Methods:Retrospective analysis was adopted in the investigation.Results: The medication which caused the eruption had changed as the first one was antibiotics(42.3%)and the next was antipyretic agent(38.1%).Traditional Chinese medicine(7.2%) showed the important role in those drug eruption. Most of those cases were between the age of 20~59 years old.The urticaria,measles and scarlet fever like eruption were the top three skin lesions in the investigation.The most involved organs were the kidney(59%),heart(43.7%)and liver(38.7%)reslectively.Conclusion:The antibiotics,antipretic agents and tridational Chinese medicine were the major medication which caused those drug eruptions. Kidney,hearts and liver were the most involved organs in the bady.Take care to medication used in clinical practice is the way to prevent of drug eruption.