在常规小风洞中实现大风洞中的气动力实验

Aerodynamic Experiments in Large-Size Wind Tunnel Can be Realized in Common Small-Size Wind Tunnel

就风洞尺寸要多大才比较合理以及小风洞的改造和挖潜等问题进行了讨论。认为风洞尺寸不是越大越好,而是在不同速度范围存在着一组相对适中的带某种唯一性的风洞尺寸。这种风洞尺寸,既能满足航天器研制的需要,又具有合理的经费开支。文中推荐了不同速度下一组较合适的且能满足需要的风洞尺寸,供人们参考。同时本文还认为,在一定的风洞条件下,实验数据的精准度与风洞尺寸的大小无关,只要相似模拟的条件正确,就能给出同样精准度的实验数据。就这一观点,列举了在北京空气动力研究所的FD 02小风洞中做出的几种实验。

What size of wind tunnel is proper for model test and how to exploit potentialities of the small-sized wind tunnel are discussed in the paper. We do not think that the larger of size, the better is wind tunnel. Otherwise there is a set of size for wind tunnels at different speed range, which is relatively moderate and possessing certain unique features. Such wind tunnels can not only meet the requirement of aerospace vehicle development, but also can suit to ability of public finance expenditure for most countries. A group of the moderate and desirable size of wind tunnels at different speed range is recommended for reference. At the same time, it is regarded that accuracy of test data has not related to size of wind tunnel. No mater what size wind tunnels have, the same accuracy test data can ber obtained so long as the similarity conditions of experiment are correct. Several examples of aerodynamic experiment in FD-02 wind tunnel with exit section 200mm × 200mm at BIA are listed to illustrate the viewpoint.