HIV流行形势及医院感染防范措施

HIV Infection in Hospital:Trend and Strategy of Prevention

目的了解HIV的流行形势、评估当前流行形势对我院输血安全和HIV医院感染的影响并探讨应对措施.方法对1995～2004年6月期间从门诊患者、住院患者和献血者中检出HIV抗体阳性者的情况进行分析.结果HIV抗体阳性者检出情况:1995年从患者中检出1人,1997年从患者和献血者各检出1人,1999年从患者中检出4人,2000年从献血者中检出1人,2001年从献血者中检出2人,2002年从患者和献血者中各检出5人,2003年从患者中检出10人、从献血者中检出1人,2004年(1～6月)从患者中检出11人、从献血者中检出6人;累计检出48人,其中患者32人、献血者16人,男性32人、女性16人.结论在2001年及以前,HIV感染呈零星散发现象,2002年开始,HIV呈暴发趋势;献血者HIV检出率随整个人群HIV感染率的升高而升高,输血安全问题面临新的压力,医务人员HIV职业暴露面临更大的危险,HIV的医院感染问题必须引起高度重视.

OBJECTIVE To observe the fashion cycle of HIV in Chongqing, China and its′ influence on transfusion security and HIV hospital infection. METHODS The data were analyzed about HIV infected person detected from patients and blood donors from 1995 to Jun 2004. RESULTS One HIV infection case was detected from all patients in 1995, one patient and 1 blood donor cases were found in 1997, four patient cases were found in 1999, one blood donor case was found in 2000, two blood donor cases were found in 2001, five patient and 5 blood donor cases were found in 2002, ten patient and 1 blood donor cases were found in 2003, eleven patient and 6 blood donor cases were found in 2004(from Jan to Jun). In all, 48 cases (32 males and 16 females) were detected. In the 48 cases, 32 detected from patients and 16 from blood donors. CONCLUSIONS HIV is now as a foudroyant epidemic in Chongqing, which threatens the safety of blood transfusion greatly, more attention should be paid on prevention of HIV hospital infection.