高空温度、高度变化特征及其与地面气温的相关分析

Upper-Level Height and Temperature Change Characteristics and Its Correlation with Surface Temperature

利用青海省7个探空站1970～2001年高空观测资料,对各站500hPa标准等压面层的温度、高度进行了突变和异常分析,揭示了该层温度、高度变化的基本事实和规律,同时探讨了500hPa高度、温度变化,尤其是异常变化对地面气温的影响及相互联系。结果表明:500hPa高度、温度多数台站在20世纪80年代中期发生了由低(冷)转向高(暖)的突变;自1987年以后,500hPa高度、温度的正异常明显增加,负异常明显减少;500hPa高度、温度的异常偏高(暖)和偏低(冷)变化与同期地面气温的变化相关密切。

Based on the upper-level radiosonde observation data of seven stations from 1970 to 2001 in Qinghai Province, the abrupt change and abnormality analysis of 500 hPa temperature and height were analyzed by the statistical method, and the basic facts and regulations were found. The changes of height and temperature at 500 hPa, especially the effects of abnormal changes on surface air temperature and precipitation and their mutual relation, are discussed. The results show that there were abrupt changes from low (cold) to high (warm) at 500 hPa in height and temperature at most stations in the middle 1980s; since 1987, there have been an increasing trend in positive abnormality and a decreasing trend in negative abnormality for height and temperature, which were correlated with the surface air temperature change.